India has 22 official languages and over 1,600 dialects. Hindi is spoken by 43% of the population, followed by Bengali at 8%. Other regional languages include Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Gujarati, Kannada, Urdu, Malayalam, Odia, Punjabi, Assamese, Maithili, and Sanskrit, spoken by 2-7%. This linguistic diversity highlights India’s vast cultural heritage and the richness of its regional identities.